Salmonella enterica serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis causing mixed infections in febrile children in Mozambique

Background and purpose: Invasive nontyphoidal salmonellosis, mostly caused by serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis of Salmonella enterica, has emerged as a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was the clinical and microbiological characterization of nontyphoidal salmonellosis episodes affecting febrile children in Mozambique. Patients and methods: The clinical records of the patients were evaluated, and S. enterica isolates were characterized with regard to serovar, phage type, antimicrobial resistance (phenotype/responsible genes), plasmid content, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and multilocus sequence typing. Results: Fifteen S. Typhimurium and 21 S. Enteritidis isolates were recovered from blood samples of 25 children, the majority with underlying risk factors. With regard to phage typing, most isolates were either untypeable or reacted but did not conform, revealing that a number of previously unrecognized patterns are circulating in Mozambique. Most isolates were multidrug-resistant, with nearly all of the responsible genes located on derivatives of serovar-specific virulence plasmids. ST313 and ST11 were the predominant sequence types associated with S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis, respectively, and the uncommon ST1479 was also detected in S. Enteritidis. A distinct XbaI fragment of ~350 kb was associated with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of multidrug-resistant isolates of S. Enteritidis. Nearly half of the children were coinfected with both serovars, a fact expected to aggravate the disease and hamper the treatment. However, particularly poor outcomes were not observed for the coinfected patients. Conclusion: Mixed Salmonella infections could frequently occur in febrile children in Mozambique. Additional studies are required to determine their actual impact and consequences, not only in this country, but also in other African countries

Iodine recycling via 1,3-migration in iodoindoles under metal catalysis

3-Substituted (indol-2-yl)-α-allenols show divergent patterns of reactivity under metal catalysis. An unprecedented intramolecular 1,3-iodine migration is described. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.Peer Reviewe

A Simple Method for Tidal Current Prediction in Short Length Convergent Channels An Application to the Vigo and Pontevedra Estuaries

In this paper a simple method for tidal current modelling in short length convergent and elongated channels is presented. The authors have found that for this kind of channels a very suitable approach to tidal current velocity estimation can be obtained through a very simple formula. This method has been developed to obtain reliable tidal current velocity estimations along the channel using as less information as possible. In fact, the only necessary information to apply this method are the harmonic constants of the tidal elevation at any location in the channel and a proper nautical chart. A graphical method is also presented to inquire when the geometrical characteristics of a given channel allow the application of our method. The validation has been performed on two estuaries of the Gallega Estuarine System in Spain

Los gasterópodos terrestres del Cuaternario Superior de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias)- Land gastropods of the Upper Quaternary in Gran Canaria (Canary Islands)

Hemos estudiado la estratigrafía, cronología y paleontología de ocho depósitos sedimentarios (siete paleodunas y un derrubio de ladera) del Pleistoceno Superior de la isla de Gran Canaria (Islas Canarias). Las paleodunas se caracterizan por una alternancia de dunas y paleosuelos, que varía entre un ciclo en la Playa de Jinámar, y once en el Lazareto (Gando). La cronología de estos depósitos, obtenida por racemización de aminoácidos sobre ejemplares del género Theba y calibrada con 14C, muestra una edad entre 44,4 Ka a 22,2 Ka. La aminoestratigrafía ha permitido asignar estos depósitos a cuatro aminozonas (AM2 a AM5) de las registradas por Ortiz et al. (2006). Las asociaciones fósiles de gasterópodos terrestres están representadas por 20 especies pertenecientes a 8 familias, con un grado de endemismo del 95%. Los cambios faunísticos detectados, con respecto a la actualidad, se refieren a la extinción del 25 % de las especies del Pleistoceno Superior, y a la disminución de la extensión geográfica de algunas especies como Theba arinagae y T. aff. grasseti. - A stratigraphic, chronological and paleontological study of eight sedimentary deposits (seven palaeodunes and a colluvial slide) in the Upper Pleistocene of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands) has been undertaken. The palaeodunes are characterized by dune-palaeosoil alternation, from an only cycle in Playa de Jinámar to eleven in Lazareto (Gando). The chronology of these deposits, obtained by amino acid racemisation and 14C datations in Theba genus samples, displays an age between 44,4 Ka and 22,2 Ka. The aminostratigraphy study appoints to these sediments belong to four amino zones (AM2 to AM5) reported by Ortiz et al. (2006). The land snail fossil assemblages are represented by 20 species belonging to eight families, with an endemic degree around 95%. The detected fossil fauna changes with regard to present fauna reveal an Upper Pleistocene species extinction at about 25% and geographic extension decreasing of some species as Theba arinagae and T. aff. grasset

Agricultura y contaminación del agua

El libro trata un tema cuya importancia contrasta con su escaso estudio. Los efectos negativos de las actividades agrícolas en la calidad del agua han recibido mucha atención en otros países y muy poca en el nuestro. En México, 76% del agua se emplea en la agricultura y el conocimiento de su huella contaminante es escaso. Este libro es resultado de una investigación multidisciplinaria que muestra a la agricultura poco amigable con el agua; que los agricultores tienen una percepción sesgada de su actividad y no reconocen sus efectos en el ambiente; que el gobierno interviene con políticas erróneas estimulando el uso de insumos contaminantes, y que un grupo importante de agricultores realiza prácticas agrícolas poco sustentables. Ante tal panorama, el libro aporta información sobre este problema en una importante región agrícola; propone algunas medidas e instrumentos para minimizarlo; cubre un vacío en la investigación y la información y espera que motive estudios similares en otras regiones del país

Determination of jet calibration and energy resolution in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThe jet energy scale, jet energy resolution, and their systematic uncertainties are measured for jets reconstructed with the ATLAS detector in 2012 using proton–proton data produced at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. Jets are reconstructed from clusters of energy depositions in the ATLAS calorimeters using the anti-kt algorithm. A jet calibration scheme is applied in multiple steps, each addressing specific effects including mitigation of contributions from additional proton–proton collisions, loss of energy in dead material, calorimeter non-compensation, angular biases and other global jet effects. The final calibration step uses several in situ techniques and corrects for residual effects not captured by the initial calibration. These analyses measure both the jet energy scale and resolution by exploiting the transverse momentum balance in γ + jet, Z + jet, dijet, and multijet events. A statistical combination of these measurements is performed. In the central detector region, the derived calibration has a precision better than 1% for jets with transverse momentum 150 GeV < pT < 1500 GeV, and the relative energy resolution is (8.4 ± 0.6)% for pT = 100 GeV and (23 ± 2)% for pT = 20 GeV. The calibration scheme for jets with radius parameter R = 1.0, for which jets receive a dedicated calibration of the jet mass, is also discusse

Arqueometria antropológica en el sepulcro megalítico de El Palomar: contribución al conocimiento histórico de la campiña sevillana

Presentamos un estudio de la analítica realizada en huesos humanos encontrados en el interior de la estructura dolménica de El Palomar que ha sido realizada en la Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona. Este trabajo se integra en el Proyecto de Investigación que sobre Análisis del Proceso Cultural Operado en las Sociedades Agrarias de la Campiña Sevillana se está llevando a cabo en el Departamento de Prehistoria y Arqueología de la Universidad de Sevilla

Analysis of Intact Glycosidic Aroma Precursors in Grapes by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with a Diode Array Detector

© 2021 The authors. This document is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by /4.0/ This document is the published version of a published work that appeared in final form in Foods.Nowadays, the techniques for the analysis of glycosidic precursors in grapes involve changes in the glycoside structure or it is necessary the use of very expensive analytical techniques. In this study, we describe for the first time an approach to analyse intact glycosidic aroma precursors in grapes by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), a simple and cheap analytical technique that could be used in wineries. Briefly, the skin of Muscat of Alexandria grapes was extracted using a microwave and purified using solid-phase extraction combining Oasis MCX and LiChrolut EN cartridges. In total, 20 compounds were selected by HPLC-DAD at 195 nm and taking as a reference the spectrum of pheny

Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with hadronically decaying τ-leptons, jets, and missing transverse momentum using pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UA